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Kamenny bridge (The stone bridge)
The stone bridge settles down on continuation of Pea street, in a place of its crossing with Griboedov's channel. It shows one of few representatives of similar oldest structures in St.-Petersburg which have not undergone to cardinal reconstruction. Thanks to it, in a design of the Stone bridge, it is possible to see remained characteristic technological feature mostostroenija 18 centuries – enough abrupt bend of a structure often meeting in arch stone constructions of that time.
In spite of the fact that in Petersburg and to this day stone bridges are some, only this bridge through Griboedov's channel began to be called as Stone. Probably, so has occurred because what exactly this construction, became the first stone bridge in a city where only wooden bridges were until erected. And can be, the bridge has received the eloquent name because in its shape the original beauty of a stone laying is especially convincingly opened.
It is known that in 1752 on a place of the Stone bridge there was the wooden pile crossing carrying the name the Average bridge. The stone bridge has appeared here a little later, in 1774-1778. It has been constructed under the project of engineer V.I.Nazimova, and has represented an one-flying arch construction. Civil work on erection of the first stone bridge were conducted under the direction of engineer I.N.Borisova. The arch of the bridge having a parabolic outline, construction foundations – from butovoj have laid out from a granite, and plates. Facades have revetted also with a granite. On an original project, the bridge possessed four semicircular ladder descents to water to which could not live up to now as in the end of 19 centuries them liquidated. Facing of the Stone bridge was made by smooth blocks which alternate with the blocks processed on four sides — so-called «brilliant rust». The lattice has repeated a pattern of a handrail of quay of the channel. The length of the bridge has made 19,7 metres, width – 13,8 metres.
The stone bridge protected by the state as a valuable monument of architecture of 18 centuries, could and not remain till now. It has not fallen nearly a victim of plot of revolutionaries from a society «National will» in 1880 when by preparation of attempt at a life of emperor Alexander II, under the Stone bridge dynamite has been put. The bridge should blow up at the moment of journey on it of crew of a sovereign. Fortunately, the bridge has not been blown up, as narodovoltsy have not been assured that is enough the put explosive for a killing collapse of the bridge. Nevertheless, the tsar has been killed, on quay of the same channel, and the bridge and until now exists. The bomb put under it representing 7 poods of dynamite in four gutta-percha pillows, has been found out at the bottom of the channel in the spring of 1881, during the investigation on «business of sixteen» when Alexander II was already dead.
Other, interesting fact from history of the Stone bridge, was that in the beginning of 20th century when in St.-Petersburg there were first buses, entrances on the bridge have appeared a difficult obstacle for these cars as were abrupt enough. Business reached even that at o'clock "peak" conductors had to ask to leave and take place passengers the bridge on foot. Only after that, the unloaded car could overcome difficult lifting. On the bridge the landed passengers took again the places, and the bus followed further on Pea street, sliding under a bias.
It is impossible to disregard and much known metal rack on which the name of the given construction appears. This rack was unique remained in 1949 from similar bridge elements. Therefore on it as on the sample, similar racks and on others of the bridge of Petersburg have been executed and established.
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